Sports, Exercise and Health Science · A.1 Communication
SEA.1.1 — Inter-system communication
Sports, Exercise and Health Science · SL / HL · syllabus-mapped notes
SEA.1.1.1
The nervous system
The nervous system senses both internal and external conditions to coordinate the responses of the body’s physiological systems effectively.
SEA.1.1.1.1
CNS and PNS
The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.
SEA.1.1.1.2
Somatic and autonomic
The efferent division is subdivided into the autonomic nervous system and the somatic nervous system.
SEA.1.1.1.3
Sympathetic and parasympathetic
The autonomic nervous system is divided into the sympathetic and the parasympathetic nervous systems.
SEA.1.1.1.4
The three required functions
Examples of the functions of each are required:
SEA.1.1.1.5
Proprioceptors, baroreceptors, chemoreceptors
Proprioceptors, baroreceptors and chemoreceptors are specialized cells that respond to stimuli to initiate responses by the nervous system. The internal function of the various receptors is not assessed.
SEA.1.1.2
The endocrine system
The endocrine system, made up of the body's glands and hormones, regulates all biological processes in the body.
SEA.1.1.2.1
What a hormone is
Hormones are mediator molecules that are released in one part of the body but regulate the activity of cells in other parts of the body.
SEA.1.1.2.2
Epinephrine and norepinephrine
Epinephrine and norepinephrine cause changes in blood pressure, heart rate and blood sugar levels.
SEA.1.1.2.3
Insulin and glucagon
Insulin and glucagon regulate blood sugar concentration.
SEA.1.1.2.4
Antidiuretic hormone
Antidiuretic hormone regulates water retention in the kidney.
SEA.1.1.2.5
Reproductive hormones
Reproductive hormones impact health and athletic performance in the following ways: