Sports, Exercise and Health Science · C.1 Individual differences
SEC.1.1 — Personality
Sports, Exercise and Health Science · SL / HL · syllabus-mapped notes
SEC.1.1.1
What personality is
Personality refers to individual differences in characteristic patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving. Personality is typically understood to be an interaction between genetic traits and the environment.
SEC.1.1.1.1
Trait-based approaches
Trait-based approaches present personality traits as relatively enduring, stable characteristics.
SEC.1.1.1.2
Assessing traits
Traits are assessed using validated self-report questionnaires.
SEC.1.1.1.3
The big five
A common approach to assessing personality traits is through “the big five”.
SEC.1.1.2
Social learning theory
Social learning theory is a situational approach to understanding behaviour.
SEC.1.1.2.1
What is learned socially
Individuals learn behaviours, attitudes and behavioural consequences from other individuals in their social environment.
SEC.1.1.2.2
Observation and imitation
Behaviours are learned from observation and imitation.
SEC.1.1.2.3
The regard held for the role model
The regard with which the role model (the person being observed) is held by the follower determines the extent of replication of behaviours.
SEC.1.1.3
Personality change over time
Personality can change over a long period of time.
SEC.1.1.3.1
Experience, coaching and reflection
Personality can be modified over a significant period of time through experience, coaching and reflection.
SEC.1.1.3.2
No profile predicts performance
There is no personality profile that predicts sport performance.
SEC.1.1.3.3
Traits interacting with social learning
Observed behaviours are an interaction of personality traits and social learning.